Collection ID: 0023 | Metadata type: TEI | TEI XML | Data

Title

Book of Hours, use of Rome

Other related names

• Workshop of the Master of Jacques de Besançon, artist
• Shop assistant to Jean Pichore, artist
• Labitte, Alphonse, 1853-, former owner (http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no2006135191.html)
• Gélis-Didot, P. (Pierre), 1853-, former owner (http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n2007039619.html)
• Minns, Susan, former owner (http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/nr97037728.html)
• Lewis, John Frederick, 1860-1932, former owner (http://viaf.org/viaf/63874811/)
• Lewis, Anne Baker, former owner

Funders

• Council on Library and Information Resources

Call number

Lewis E 113
(Philadelphia, United States, Free Library of Philadelphia, John Frederick Lewis Collection of European Manuscripts)

Alternate identifiers

• https://know.freelibrary.org/Record/1466037
• deRicci: 89
• Leaves-of-gold: 36

Publisher

Free Library of Philadelphia

Language

Latin; Middle French (ca. 1400-1600)

Origin

Place

Paris, France

Summary

This Book of Hours was made in Paris in the early sixteenth century for the Use of Rome. The calendar, in French, is embellished with miniatures of the zodiac and the labors of the month housed in architectural frames (fols. 1v-4r). The Gospel Lessons are accompanied by five small miniatures showing John's eagle (fol. 5r), Luke's bull (fol. 5v), Matthew's angel (fol. 6r) and Mark's lion (fol. 6v). They are framed by "camaïeu d'or" architectural borders containing the four Evangelists (fols. 5r-6v) and musical angels (fol. 7r), each embellished with drollery vignettes in the lower borders. A miniature of the Virgin and Child with angels begins the Obsecro te (fols. 7r-8v), framed in an architecural border with drollery vignette, and is followed by the O intemerata (fols. 8v-9v). The manuscript also contains an elaborate half-page miniature of Adam and Eve (fol. 9v), which would have faced the opening page of the Hours of the Virgin, now missing. The Hours of the Virign features other ornate half-page miniatures, namely, the Visitation (fol. 12v), the Adoration of the Magi (fol. 18r), the Annunciation to the Shepherds (fol. 19r), the Presentation in the Temple (fol. 12r) and the Coronation of the Virgin (fol. 26v). Folios 10r to 15v are framed by marginal miniatures showing Virtues (for Matins of the Hours of the Virgin, with the first two missing) and Prophets paired with Saints (for the beginning of Lauds). These marginal figures are accompanied by banderoles inscribed with verses of the Lord's Prayer and Credo, respectively. The Hours of the Cross (fols. 29r-29v) is illustrated by four marginal vignettes per page showing episodes from Christ's Passion. The miniature of the Pentecost (fol. 30r) begins the Hours of the Holy Spirit (fols. 30r-31r). The book also features two facing full-page miniatures showing the Death of Uriah (fol. 31v) and David and Bathsheba (fol. 32r, with the incipit re-written in gold), which begin the Penitential Psalms (fols. 32v-37r), and an ornate illumination of the Allegory of Death, which begins the Office of the Dead (fol. 40r). The Suffrages contain half-page miniatures of Saint Christopher (fol. 58r) and Saint Francis of Assisi (fol. 59v). The Office of the Dead includes a detailed series of twenty-three marginal miniatures from the Dance of Death with banderoles containing titles for each figure in French in the lower panel borders (fols. 40r-57v). The miniatures of the Visitation, Pentecost, and the Allegory of Death were painted by an illuminator from the worskshop of the Master of Jacques de Besançon, while a shop assistant to Jean Pichore illuminated the Annunciation to the Shepherds, the Presentation in the Temple, and the Coronation of the Virgin.

Notes

• An illuminator from the workshop of the Master of Jacques de Besançon painted the miniatures of the Visitation, Pentecost, and Allegory of Death (fols. 12v, 30r, 40r); a shop assistant to Jean Pichore executed the miniatures of the Annunciation to the Shepherds, the Presentation in the Temple, and the Coronation of the Virgin (fols. 19r, 22r, 26v)
   
• The leaf with the first two virtues, Faith and Hope, is missing; this leaf, which began the Hours of the Virgin, would also have contained a large minature of the Annunciation, which is lacking in the manuscript; several other leaves missing
   
• Outer three flyleaves at beginning and end are modern paper; fourth front flyleaf is blank ruled parchment; first end flyleaf is a late fifteenth- or early sixteenth-century letter bound in
   

Extent

Iv+59+iv; 205 x 130 mm bound to 215 x 140 mm

Foliation

Modern foliation in pencil, upper right recto

Collation

Structure uncertain

Support

Parchment

Catchwords

Two vertical catchwords, lower right last verso (fols. 15v, 47v)

Binding

Early twentieth-century French red velvet with brass outer corners and earlier silver clasps, early twentieth century

Layout

One column of thirty-one lines; ruled in red ink; written area: 138 x 70 mm

Decoration

Twelve calendar miniatures, fols. 1v-4r; three full-page miniatures: Death of Uriah (fol. 31v), David and Bathsheba (fol. 32r), Allegory of Death (fol. 40r); nine half-page miniatures: Adam and Eve (fol. 9v), Visitation (fol. 12v), Adoration of the Magi (fol 18r), Annunciation to the Shepherds (fol. 19r), Presentation in the Temple (fol. 22r), Coronation of the Virgin (fol. 26v), Pentecost (fol 30r), Saint Christopher (fol. 58r), Saint Francis (fol. 59v); five small miniatures accompanying decorated initials: John's eagle (fol. 5r), Luke's bull (fol. 5v), Matthew's angel (fol. 6r), Mark's lion (fol. 6v), Virgin and Child with angels (fol. 7r); marginal figures of the Virtues, Prophets, and Saints in the Hours of the Virgin; eight marginal scenes of the Passion in the Hours of the Cross; bas-de-page drollery vignettes or banderolles with pious sayings in French on most remaining pages; illuminated initials and line-fillers throughout

Script

Gothic--textualis semi-quadrata

Provenance

• Letter in French tipped in at back (fol. 59) signed by Philippus, thought to be Philip I of Castile (d. 1506); Ambrose Firmin-Didot (booksellers), Paris; sale, Hôtel Drouot?, Paris, 1883, lot 15, illus.; Alphonse Labitte, Paris; book-plate of Pierre Gélis-Didot (with penciled note that it was lot 19 in his sale, April 12, 1897?); Dance of Death Collection of Susan B. Minns, Boston; sale, American Art Association, New York, May 2-3, 1922, lot 425, illus.; John Frederick Lewis, Philadelphia; given by his widow, Anne Baker Lewis, to the Free Library of Philadelphia in 1936
   

Related resources

• De Ricci, Seymour, with the assistance of W. J. Wilson, Census of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the United States and Canada, vol. 2 (New York,: H. W. Wilson, 1935-40), p. 2040, no. 89.
• Walter Cahn and James Marrow, "Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts at Yale: A Selection," Yale University Library Gazette, vol. 52 (April 1978), p. 263.
• Barbara A. Shailor, Catalogue of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University, vol. 2, MSS 251-500, Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies, vol. 48 (Binghamton, NY: Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies, 1987), p. 312.
• Free Library of Philadelphia. Saints, Scribes, and Scholars: An Exhibition of Illuminated Manuscripts and Early Printed Books from the Collections of the Rare Book Department of the Free Library of Philadelphia. Compiled by Satoko I. Parker, Walter A. Frankel, and Marie E. Korey (Philadelphia: The Free Library of Philadelphia, 1988), pp. 20-21.
• Philadelphia Museum of Art, Leaves of Gold: Manuscript Illumination from Philadelphia Collections, edited by James R. Tanis (Philadelphia: Philadelphia Museum of Art, 2001), pp. 112-114, no. 36.
• Hourihane, Colum, ed., Time in the Medieval World: Occupations of the Months & Signs of the Zodiac in the Index of Christian Art. (Princeton: Index of Christian Art and The Dept. of Art & Archaeology, Princeton University, 2007), pp. 72, 81, 191, 205.

Keywords

• Book of Hours
• 16th century
• France
• Illumination
• Miniature
• French
• Devotion
• Missing leaves

Licenses

• Text

  These images and the content of Free Library of Philadelphia, Lewis E 113: Book of Hours, use of Rome are free of known copyright restrictions and in the public domain. See the Creative Commons Public Domain Mark page for usage details, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/.

  URL

  http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/

• Text

  To the extent possible under law, Free Library of Philadelphia, Special Collections has waived all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this metadata about Free Library of Philadelphia Lewis E 113: Book of Hours, use of Rome. This work is published from: United States. For a summary of CC0, see https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/. Legal code: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode.

  URL

  https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode

Table of contents

• Flyleaf 1 recto — Letter in French, in a later hand (late 16th- or 17th-century?) signed "Philippus"
• fol. 1v — Calendar, in French
• fol. 5r — Gospel Lessons
• fol. 7r — Prayer to the Virgin: "Obsecro te"
• fol. 8v — O intemerata
• fol. 10r — Hours of the Virgin, Use of Rome (first page lacking)
• fol. 29r — Hours of the Cross
• fol. 30r — Hours of the Holy Spirit
• fol. 32r — Penitential Psalms, Litany and prayers
• fol. 40r — Office of the Dead
• fol. 58r — Suffrages
• Flyleaf 1 recto — Letter in French, in a later hand (late 16th- or 17th-century?) signed "Philippus"

Decorations

• Inside front cover — Bookplate, Pierre Gelis Didot
• fol. 1v — Calendar vignette, Labor of the month for January (feasting); Aquarius
• fol. 1v — Calendar vignette, Labor of the month for February (keeping warm); Pisces
• fol. 2r — Calendar vignette, Labor of the month for March (pruning vines); Aries
• fol. 2r — Calendar vignette, Labor of the month for April (picking flowers); Taurus
• fol. 2v — Calendar vignette, Labor of the month for May (horseback riding); Gemini
• fol. 2v — Calendar vignette, Labor of the month for June (harvesting hay); Cancer
• fol. 3r — Calendar vignette, Labor of the month for July (reaping); Leo
• fol. 3r — Calendar vignette, Labor of the month for August (threshing); Virgo
• fol. 3v — Calendar vignette, Labor of the month for September (treading grapes); Libra
• fol. 3v — Calendar vignette, Labor of the month for October (sowing); Scorpio
• fol. 4r — Calendar vignette, Labor of the month for November (slaughtering a pig); Sagittarius
• fol. 4r — Calendar vignette, Labor of the month for December (baking); Capricorn
• fol. 5r — Small miniature, Eagle
• fol. 5r — Architectural camaïeu d'or border with Saint John the Evangelist holding poisoned chalice
• fol. 5r — Landscape bas-de-page with drollery
• fol. 5v — Small miniature, Ox
• fol. 5v — Architectural camaïeu d'or border with Saint Luke
• fol. 5v — Landscape bas-de-page with drollery
• fol. 6r — Small miniature, Man
• fol. 6r — Architectural camaïeu d'or border with Saint Matthew
• fol. 6r — Landscape bas-de-page with drollery
• fol. 6v — Small miniature, Lion
• fol. 6v — Architectural camaïeu d'or border with Mark
• fol. 6v — Landscape bas-de-page with drollery
• fol. 7r — Small miniature, Virgin and Child with Angels
• fol. 7r — Architectural camaïeu d'or border with musical angels
• fol. 7r — Landscape bas-de-page with drollery
• fol. 8v — Architectural camaïeu d'or border with the Virgin and Saint John
• fol. 8v — Landscape bas-de-page with drollery
• fol. 8v — Illuminated initial O
• fol. 9v — Small miniature, Adam and Eve
• fol. 9v — Architectural camaïeu d'or border with Serpent in tree
• fol. 9v — Landscape bas-de-page with drollery
• fol. 10r — Landscape border with Charity and verse from the Lord's prayer
• fol. 10v — Landscape border with Temperance and verse from the Lord's prayer
• fol. 11r — Landscape border with Justice and verse from the Lord's prayer
• fol. 11v — Landscape border with Prudence and verse from the Lord's prayer
• fol. 12r — Landscape border with Fortitude and verse from the Lord's prayer
• fol. 12v — Small miniature, Visitation
• fol. 12v — Landscape border with Prophet and verse from Credo
• fol. 13r — Landscape border with Saint Peter and verse from Credo
• fol. 13v — Landscape border with King David and verse from Credo
• fol. 14r — Landscape border with Saint Andrew and verse from Credo
• fol. 14v — Landscape border with Prophet and verse from Credo
• fol. 15r — Landscape border with Saint James and verse from Credo
• fol. 15v — Landscape border with Prophet and verse from Credo
• fol. 18r — Large miniature, Adoration of the Magi
• fol. 18r — Landscape bas-de-page with drollery
• fol. 18r — Illuminated initial D
• fol. 18v — Architectural border, Angel with banderole
• fol. 18v — Landscape bas-de-page with drollery
• fol. 19r — Large miniature, Annunciation to the Shepherds
• fol. 19r — Landscape bas-de-page with drollery
• fol. 19r — Illuminated initial D
• fol. 22r — Large miniature, Presentation in the Temple
• fol. 22r — Landscape bas-de-page with drollery
• fol. 22r — Illuminated initial D
• fol. 26v — Large miniature, Coronation of the Virgin
• fol. 26v — Landscape bas-de-page with drollery
• fol. 26v — Illuminated initial C
• fol. 29r — Architectural border with Passion vignettes; Arrest of Christ; Christ before Pilate; Mocking of Christ; Flagellation
• fol. 29v — Architectural border with Passion vignettes; Carrying of the Cross; Crucifixion; Deposition; Entombment
• fol. 30r — Large miniature, Pentecost
• fol. 30r — Landscape bas-de-page with drollery
• fol. 30v — Architectural camaïeu d'or border with Ecclesia
• fol. 30v — Landscape bas-de-page with drollery
• fol. 31r — Architectural camaïeu d'or border with Synagoga
• fol. 31r — Landscape bas-de-page with drollery
• fol. 31v — Full-page miniature, Death of Uriah
• fol. 32r — Large miniature, David and Bathsheba
• fol. 40r — Large miniature, Allegory of Death
• fol. 40r — Landscape bas-de-page with drollery
• fol. 40v — Architectural border with Pope with skeleton figure, "Le saint pere de rome"
• fol. 41r — Architectural border with Emperor with skeleton figure, "L'ampereur de rome"
• fol. 41v — Architectural border with Cardinal with skeleton figure, "Le cardinal grec"
• fol. 42r — Architectural border with King with skeleton figure, " Le roy de hongrie"
• fol. 42v — Architectural border with Legate with skeleton figure, "Le legat du pape de rome"
• fol. 43r — Architectural border with Duke with skeleton figure, "Le duc de bretaigne"
• fol. 43v — Architectural border with Patriarch of Antioch with skeleton figure, "Le patriarche d'antioche"
• fol. 44r — Architectural border with Constable with skeleton figure, "Le connetable de france"
• fol. 44v — Architectural border with Archbishop with skeleton figure, "Le archeveque de rome"
• fol. 45r — Architectural border with Count with skeleton figure, "Le noble conte de blais"
• fol. 45v — Architectural border with Bishop with skeleton figure, "Le eveque de paris"
• fol. 46r — Architectural border with Knight with a skeleton figure, "Le chevalier royal"
• fol. 46v — Architectural border with Abbot with skeleton figure, "Le abé saint benoist"
• fol. 47r — Architectural border with Bourgeois with skeleton figure, "Le bourgois de aras"
• fol. 47v — Architectural border with Theologian with skeleton figure, "Le theologien"
• fol. 48r — Architectural border with Merchant with skeleton figure, "Le prudent home marchant"
• fol. 48v — Architectural border with Canon with skeleton figure, "Le chanoine regle augusti"
• fol. 49r — Architectural border with Gentleman with skeleton figure, "Le bon loial gentil home"
• fol. 49v — Architectural border with Curate with skeleton figure, "Le gorgias home, de église curé"
• fol. 50r — Architectural border with Man of arms with skeleton figure, "Le vaillant home d'armes"
• fol. 50v — Architectural border with Carthusian Monk with skeleton figure, "Le piteus chartetreus"
• fol. 51r — Architectural border with Gentleman with skeleton figure, "Le gentil home elaver du roy"
• fol. 51v — Architectural border with Monk in black robes with skeleton figure, "S'ensuit le bon et devot acteur"
• fol. 52r — Landscape bas-de-page with drollery
• fol. 52v — Landscape bas-de-page with drollery
• fol. 53r — Landscape bas-de-page with drollery
• fol. 53v — Landscape bas-de-page with drollery
• fol. 54r — Landscape bas-de-page with drollery
• fol. 54v — Landscape bas-de-page with drollery
• fol. 55r — Landscape bas-de-page with drollery
• fol. 55v — Landscape bas-de-page with drollery
• fol. 56r — Landscape bas-de-page with drollery
• fol. 56v — Landscape bas-de-page with drollery
• fol. 57r — Landscape bas-de-page with drollery
• fol. 57v — Landscape bas-de-page with drollery
• fol. 58r — Large miniature, Saint Christopher
• fol. 58r — Landscape bas-de-page with drollery
• fol. 58v — Architectural border with Saint Sebastian
• fol. 58v — Architectural border with Martyrdom of Saint Lawrence
• fol. 59r — Architectural border with Saint Martin
• fol. 59r — Architectural border with Saint Nicholas
• fol. 59v — Large miniature, Saint Francis receiving the stigmata